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Calcareous

Composed of or containing some limestone material.

Casing

Steel pipe run into a well to line the hole and protect it from caving and invasion from other formation waters.

Casing Point

The objective depth in a drilling contract, either a specified depth or the depth at which a specific zero is penetrated.

Cementing

To fix the casing firmly in the hole with cement, which is pumped through the drill pipe to the bottom of the casing and up into the space between the hold and the casing.

Christmas Tree

The assemblage of valves and fittings at the top of a well used in the control of production.

Circulate

To cycle drilling fluids down through drill pipe and up between the drill pipe and the wall of the hole to the surface.

Completion

Steps used in attempting to bring a well into production.

Compressor Station

A place where gas is compressed or re-compressed for pipeline transmission. A compressor station is used to boost the gas pressure in gas transmission systems, in much the same way that pumps are used on liquids pipelines. And impeller shaft studded with hundreds of short, fixed blades rotates at speeds of 3,000-6,000 rpm, moving up to 300,000 cu ft per minute.

Condensate

A light crude oil recovered during the production of natural gas, generally water-white, straw, or bluish in colour.

Confirmation Well

A second test well drilled to "prove" that the formation or producing zone encountered by an initial exploratory well extends beyond the limit of the initial drill and spacing unit.

Continental Shelf

The area of water around a coastline where the depth does not exceed about 200 metres. That area above the continental slope.

Core

A cylindrical column of rock cut by using a special diamond bit, to sample an underground formation.

Crude Oil

A fossil fuel in liquid form which can be refined to produce various oil products - unrefined petroleum.

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